| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine, Vol 9, 399-414, Copyright © 1998 by International & American Associations for Dental Research
ARTICLES |
A. Weinberg, S. Krisanaprakornkit and B. A. Dale
Department of Periodontics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-4905, USA.
Epithelial tissues provide the first line of defense between an organism and the environment. Disruption of this barrier leads to bacterial invasion and subsequent inflammation. This is precisely the situation existing in the human oral cavity, where tissues are constantly exposed to a variety of microbial challenges that can lead to bacterially induced periodontal diseases, and to infections of the oral mucosa by bacteria, fungi, and viruses. With the recent discoveries of host-derived peptide antibiotics in mammalian mucosal epithelium, a new line of investigation is emerging to test the hypothesis that one class of these peptides, called "beta-defensins", functions to protect the host against microbial pathogenesis at these critical, confrontational sites. In that light, impairment of beta-defensin activity has recently been implicated in chronic bacterial infections in cystic fibrosis patients. The first direct evidence of expression of defensin peptides in the oral mucosa was the identification of a novel epithelial beta-defensin in mammalian tongue. It was shown to be upregulated in inflammation, suggesting that it participates in host defense. It is theorized that epithelial cell-derived antimicrobial peptides function to keep the natural flora of micro-organisms in a steady state in different niches such as the skin, the intestines, the airway, the endocervix, and the mouth. There is now evidence indicating that normal gingival epithelial cells and tissues express two beta-defensins, hBD-1 and the newly described hBD-2. In addition, a cathelin-class antimicrobial peptide, designated LL-37 and found in human neutrophils, is also expressed in skin and gingiva. It is highly likely that these and/or other epithelial antimicrobial peptides play an important role in determining the outcome of the host-pathogen interaction at the oral mucosal barrier, and that they may have important future applications in antibiotic treatment.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  Y.Q. Lin, J.Y. Li, H.Y. Wang, J. Liu, C.L. Zhang, W.T. Wang, J. Liu, N. Li, and S.H. Jin Cloning and identification of a novel sperm binding protein, HEL-75, with antibacterial activity and expressed in the human epididymis Hum. Reprod., September 1, 2008; 23(9): 2086 - 2094. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Abedin, I. Mohammed, A. Hopkinson, and H. S. Dua A Novel Antimicrobial Peptide on the Ocular Surface Shows Decreased Expression in Inflammation and Infection Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., January 1, 2008; 49(1): 28 - 33. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. R. Drake, K. A. Brogden, D. V. Dawson, and P. W. Wertz Thematic Review Series: Skin Lipids. Antimicrobial lipids at the skin surface J. Lipid Res., January 1, 2008; 49(1): 4 - 11. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. A. Brissette and S. A. Lukehart Mechanisms of Decreased Susceptibility to {beta}-Defensins by Treponema denticola Infect. Immun., May 1, 2007; 75(5): 2307 - 2315. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Weinberg, M.E. Quinones-Mateu, and M.M. Lederman Role of Human {beta}-defensins in HIV Infection Adv. Dent. Res., April 1, 2006; 19(1): 42 - 48. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M.C. Herzberg, A. Weinberg, and S.M. Wahl (C3) The Oral Epithelial Cell and First Encounters with HIV-1 Adv. Dent. Res., April 1, 2006; 19(1): 158 - 166. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Z. Feng, B. Jiang, J. Chandra, M. Ghannoum, S. Nelson, and A. Weinberg Human Beta-defensins: Differential Activity against Candidal Species and Regulation by Candida albicans J. Dent. Res., May 1, 2005; 84(5): 445 - 450. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Geetha, S.G. Venkatesh, L. Bingle, C.D. Bingle, and S.-U. Gorr Design and Validation of Anti-inflammatory Peptides from Human Parotid Secretory Protein J. Dent. Res., February 1, 2005; 84(2): 149 - 153. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. E. Shelburne, W. A. Coulter, D. Olguin, M. S. Lantz, and D. E. Lopatin Induction of {beta}-Defensin Resistance in the Oral Anaerobe Porphyromonas gingivalis Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., January 1, 2005; 49(1): 183 - 187. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L. de Repentigny, D. Lewandowski, and P. Jolicoeur Immunopathogenesis of Oropharyngeal Candidiasis in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Clin. Microbiol. Rev., October 1, 2004; 17(4): 729 - 759. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Ohgami, I. B. Ilieva, K. Shiratori, E. Isogai, K. Yoshida, S. Kotake, T. Nishida, N. Mizuki, and S. Ohno Effect of Human Cationic Antimicrobial Protein 18 Peptide on Endotoxin-Induced Uveitis in Rats Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., October 1, 2003; 44(10): 4412 - 4418. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. J. Jurevic, M. Bai, R. B. Chadwick, T. C. White, and B. A. Dale Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) in Human {beta}-Defensin 1: High-Throughput SNP Assays and Association with Candida Carriage in Type I Diabetics and Nondiabetic Controls J. Clin. Microbiol., January 1, 2003; 41(1): 90 - 96. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Murakami, T. Ohtake, R.A. Dorschner, and R.L. Gallo Cathelicidin Antimicrobial Peptides are Expressed in Salivary Glands and Saliva J. Dent. Res., December 1, 2002; 81(12): 845 - 850. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. T. Sonis THE BIOLOGIC ROLE FOR NUCLEAR FACTOR-KAPPAB IN DISEASE AND ITS POTENTIAL INVOLVEMENT IN MUCOSAL INJURY ASSOCIATED WITH ANTI-NEOPLASTIC THERAPY Crit. Rev. Oral. Biol. Med., September 1, 2002; 13(5): 380 - 389. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 F. Niyonsaba, K. Iwabuchi, H. Matsuda, H. Ogawa, and I. Nagaoka Epithelial cell-derived human {beta}-defensin-2 acts as a chemotaxin for mast cells through a pertussis toxin-sensitive and phospholipase C-dependent pathway Int. Immunol., April 1, 2002; 14(4): 421 - 426. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Steele and P. L. Fidel Jr. Cytokine and Chemokine Production by Human Oral and Vaginal Epithelial Cells in Response to Candida albicans Infect. Immun., February 1, 2002; 70(2): 577 - 583. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Krisanaprakornkit, J. R. Kimball, and B. A. Dale Regulation of Human {beta}-Defensin-2 in Gingival Epithelial Cells: The Involvement of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Pathways, But Not the NF-{kappa}B Transcription Factor Family J. Immunol., January 1, 2002; 168(1): 316 - 324. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Steele, J. Leigh, R. Swoboda, H. Ozenci, and P. L. Fidel Jr. Potential Role for a Carbohydrate Moiety in Anti-Candida Activity of Human Oral Epithelial Cells Infect. Immun., November 1, 2001; 69(11): 7091 - 7099. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
W. J. Loesche and N. S. Grossman Periodontal Disease as a Specific, albeit Chronic, Infection: Diagnosis and Treatment Clin. Microbiol. Rev., October 1, 2001; 14(4): 727 - 752. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. A. Squier and M. J. Kremer Biology of Oral Mucosa and Esophagus J Natl Cancer Inst Monographs, October 1, 2001; 2001(29): 7 - 15. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
X. Li, K. M. Kolltveit, L. Tronstad, and I. Olsen Systemic Diseases Caused by Oral Infection Clin. Microbiol. Rev., October 1, 2000; 13(4): 547 - 558. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Krisanaprakornkit, J. R. Kimball, A. Weinberg, R. P. Darveau, B. W. Bainbridge, and B. A. Dale Inducible Expression of Human beta -Defensin 2 by Fusobacterium nucleatum in Oral Epithelial Cells: Multiple Signaling Pathways and Role of Commensal Bacteria in Innate Immunity and the Epithelial Barrier Infect. Immun., May 1, 2000; 68(5): 2907 - 2915. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Gyurko, U. Lendenmann, R. F. Troxler, and F. G. Oppenheim Candida albicans Mutants Deficient in Respiration Are Resistant to the Small Cationic Salivary Antimicrobial Peptide Histatin 5 Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., February 1, 2000; 44(2): 348 - 354. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y.-Q. Tang, J. Yuan, C. J. Miller, and M. E. Selsted Isolation, Characterization, cDNA Cloning, and Antimicrobial Properties of Two Distinct Subfamilies of alpha -Defensins from Rhesus Macaque Leukocytes Infect. Immun., November 1, 1999; 67(11): 6139 - 6144. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Zhao, T. Nguyen, L. Liu, O. Shamova, K. Brogden, and R. I. Lehrer Differential Expression of Caprine beta -Defensins in Digestive and Respiratory Tissues Infect. Immun., November 1, 1999; 67(11): 6221 - 6224. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. Zhang, H. Hiraiwa, H. Yasue, H. Wu, C. R. Ross, D. Troyer, and F. Blecha Cloning and Characterization of the Gene for a New Epithelial beta -Defensin. GENOMIC STRUCTURE, CHROMOSOMAL LOCALIZATION, AND EVIDENCE FOR ITS CONSTITUTIVE EXPRESSION J. Biol. Chem., August 20, 1999; 274(34): 24031 - 24037. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. J. Helmerhorst, W. van't Hof, P. Breeuwer, E. C. I. Veerman, T. Abee, R. F. Troxler, A. V. N. Amerongen, and F. G. Oppenheim Characterization of Histatin 5 with Respect to Amphipathicity, Hydrophobicity, and Effects on Cell and Mitochondrial Membrane Integrity Excludes a Candidacidal Mechanism of Pore Formation J. Biol. Chem., February 16, 2001; 276(8): 5643 - 5649. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
| IADR Journals | Advances in Dental Research ® | Journal of Dental Research ® | Critical Reviews (1990-2004) |
