Figure 16. A massive paper-point granuloma affecting a root-canal-treated human tooth (a). The demarcated area in (b) is magnified in (c) and further magnified in (d). Note the tip of the paper point (FB) projecting into the apical periodontitis lesion and the bacterial plaque (BP) adhering to the surface of the paper point. RT, root tip; EP, epithelium; PC, plant cell. Magnifications: (a) 20x, (b) 40x, (c) 60x, and (d) 150x. (From Nair, 2002.)